Page 12 September 13 , 2012 TORRANCE TRIBUNE Looking Up Dawn Spacecraft Leaves Asteroid Vesta for Trek to Dwarf Planet Ceres By Bob Eklund have our sights set on dwarf planet Ceres.” has enough gravity to make it very nearly a mission science. Orbital Sciences Corp. NASA’s Dawn spacecraft is on track to Dawn’s orbit provided close-up views of perfect sphere. of Dulles, Virginia designed and built the become the first probe to orbit and study two Vesta, revealing unprecedented detail about The mission to Vesta and Ceres is managed spacecraft. The German Aerospace Center, distant solar system destinations in order to the giant asteroid. The mission revealed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory for the Max Planck Institute for Solar System help scientists answer questions about the that Vesta completely melted in the past, the agency’s Science Mission Directorate Research, the Italian Space Agency and the formation of our solar system. The spacecraft forming a layered body with an iron core. in Washington. Dawn is a project of the Italian National Astrophysical Institute are left the giant asteroid Vesta on September 4 The spacecraft also revealed the scarring directorate’s Discovery Program, which is part of the mission’s team. to start its two-and-a-half-year journey to the from titanic collisions Vesta suffered in its managed by NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Text, images and video: dwarf planet Ceres. southern hemisphere, surviving not one but Center in Huntsville, Alabama. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/dawn/ Dawn began its three-billion-mile odyssey two colossal impacts in the last two billion UCLA is responsible for the overall Dawn news/dawn20120830.html • to explore the two most massive objects in years. Without Dawn, scientists would not the main asteroid belt in 2007. It arrived at have known about the dramatic troughs Vesta in July 2011 and will reach Ceres in sculpted around Vesta, which are ripples early 2015. Dawn’s targets represent two icons from the two south polar impacts. of the asteroid belt that have been witness to “We went to Vesta to fill in the blanks of much of our solar system’s history. our knowledge about the early history of To make its escape from Vesta, the spacecraft our solar system,” said Christopher Russell, will spiral away as gently as it arrived, using Dawn’s principal investigator, based at the a special, hyper-efficient system called ion University of California Los Angeles (UCLA). propulsion. Dawn’s ion propulsion system “Dawn has filled in those pages and more, uses electricity to ionize xenon to generate revealing to us how special Vesta is as a thrust. The 12-inch-wide ion thrusters provide survivor from the earliest days of the solar less power than conventional engines, but can system. We can now say with certainty that maintain thrust for months at a time. Vesta resembles a small planet more closely “Thrust is engaged and we are now than a typical asteroid.” climbing away from Vesta atop a blue-green Vesta, with a mean diameter of 326 miles, pillar of xenon ions,” said Marc Rayman, does not have enough gravity to make it Dawn’s chief engineer and mission director, entirely spherical—hence its somewhat at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in irregular appearance. Ceres is three times Pasadena. “We are feeling somewhat wistful as large, with a diameter of 950 miles. about concluding a fantastically productive Designated a “dwarf planet” (as is Pluto), This image of NASA’s Dawn spacecraft and the giant asteroid Vesta is an artist’s concept. Dawn arrived at Vesta on July 15, 2011 PDT and exciting exploration of Vesta, but now Ceres is composed of both rock and ice and (July 16, 2011 EDT) and is set to depart on Sept. 4, 2012 PDT (Sept. 5, 2012 EDT). 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